Cameron’s The Terminator and Atwood’s The Handmaid’s Tale as Responses to Neo-conservatism :: Movie Film Essays

From abortion to pornography, the war on drugs to the end of the Cold War, the 1980s played host to considerable literary argument amidst such political uneasiness, then, it seems that Reagan Era rejuvenated middle-Americas latent conservatism. This return to the traditional Puritan values of the nuclear family also sponsored heightened State intervention and policing of the private sphere, thereby buttressing cultural myths of the dangerous, unknown Other. As such a fear of the Other was socially perpetuated, it seemed the responsibility of liberal-minded skeptics to note such propaganda as an affright preparation for totalitarianism. Many cultural texts from the period, such as James Camerons 1984 science-fiction film, The Terminator, and Margaret Atwoods 1986 feminist predictive-text, The Handmaids Tale, used this chance to illustrate the drastic outcomes of a society founded on such mass ignorance. Following in the tradition of dystopian, or anti-utopian, fiction, both texts u se a depiction of a perfect future world in order to isolate, exaggerate and expose certain problematic social trends. While not mean as realistic or plausible predictions, these dystopian texts seek to expose extremist attitudes (such as radical conservatism, religiosity, or technological reliance) as fundamentally intemperate to human nature and individualism. Dystopia, then, can be understood as a locale for the constant impediment of human freedom, maintained by a administrations oppressive control of technology, gender and ideology.What makes this fictional society so fascinating, however, is its cunning transformation from utopia to dystopia, or from Heaven to Hell each of these corrupt worlds is to begin with presented as a safer, more stable and efficient alternative to contemporary society. Atwoods tale, for example, presents a portrait of a society, Gilead, which is superficially ideal it is free of (visible) violence, wickedness or suffering. Yet this apparent perfect ion comes with break, for all aspects of the population are controlled social class and intellectual ability are all carefully regulated, with stableness maintained at all costs. Similarly, Camerons Terminator presents members of modern-day (circa 1984) Los Angeles in a beneficial symbiotic relationship with machinery as technology improves daily liveness for humans, so too do humans improve technology. Yet this techno-friendly society based on social alliance is jaded once the machines begin to surmount and out-wit humans here the oppressive regime that threatens humanity is technology itself.In both texts it seems clear that both technological advancement and control are strident to the succession of an autocratic state. And as the audience is always kept keenly aware of the dangers that homogeneity poses to the quality of life, these dystopian texts question whether technology necessitates a sacrifice of human individuality.

Brave New World Essays :: essays research papers

Brave peeled World Essay TestQ How does life in Brave New World change fanny?A Life in The Brave New World changes John in an unusual way. Being a pip-squeak from the savage reservation, John was taught that morality, rather than conditioned by the Controller. John learned his rights and wrongs from his m some other, and his cause experiences. John knew a personal relationship was valued, and everyone loved one another. He learned that religion was a major part of his morals. Sex was something done with a mate that is loved. When John was brought to the Brave New World, his inhibitions were happening by other people right in front of him. He saw sex as a common occurrence, and nobody really had any emotion toward it. Everyone enjoyed it, precisely not spiritually. In sense, sex did not light an eternal flame for the Brave New World like it did in the savage reservation. A character of a mother and father could be put together for a child in the savage society, but in the Brave New World, everyone had their own life. There were no personal relationships, and there was no love. Also, drugs were looked down upon by the reservation, and yet, in the Brave New World, drugs, specifically soma, are the food for life. Instead of brisk through rough situations, society went on soma holidays for their problems. All these wrongs to John, were making him upset. John tried to give the hospital workers freedom. He threw away their soma, and made them to a greater extent upset. The workers rioted against John, and he realized he could not change society. John argued with the Mustapha Mond about the way society was, but it seemed Mond had a response to everything. John decided to foul up himself in the Brave New Worlds lifestyle. John tried sex, and soma, and enjoyed it. John knew he had sinned to his own religion, and he felt so wrong, that he polish off himself. The change that John went through was simple. John actually committed his inhibitions. John normally, and in theory, would never do those things. John would only have sex with his spirit mate for life, and would absolutely not do soma. Society turned John around so much, that he did all of this, and did what society called happiness. He committed suicide.Q What faults does John find with the philosophy of happiness, identity, and social stability.

Sheilas Comment Explaining the Action of the Play :: Sheila An Inspector Calls J.B. Priestley Essays

Sheilas Comment Explaining the Action of the PlayWell he inspected us all righBetween us we drove that girlTo commit suicideThis sentence is rattling important to the story because Sheila realisesthat the inspector is not a real inspector but he has inspected themand they lost against him and it was them, each member of the familywho contributed to Eva Smiths death. We will gibe in this essay howeach family member is a contributor to the death of an innocentperson, Eva Smith and as well how the inspector inspects the family usinghis power not physically but verbally and how he does the inspection.We collart about how each person from the Birlings family effects EvaSmith even a good person like Gerald and a bad person like Mr Birlingso it is necessary to explain how each character acts towards EvaSmith. Combined with this we learn from the story that an inspectorwith the name of Goole comes to inspect them all.The first person that strikes on Eva Smith is Mr Birling. Mr Birlingis a very rich person. He has a gentle business but is shown to beextremely greedy and very ironic. His extreme greediness concludes toEva Smith loosing her job, which was the first hit on Eva Smith. EvaSmith is a very hardworking woman who works for Mr Birling in hisfactory. She is getting very fed up due to the low wage he pays andwhich she cannot survive on. She and the other ringleaders areplanning on to go on strike after there holidays. Eva Smith after theholidays goes and asks Mr Birling for an increase to 26 Shillings a calendar week which he refuses saying, I could not consider it and then sacksher is pretty sad and very evil of him to do that. It to a fault shows methe time of period where women were protesting for their rights andindependence and women also died for their rights. So firstcontributor to Eva Smiths death his Mr Birling because he throws herout of her job because he did not want to give her the increase. Youwill also learn of his bad and evil personality as t he essay proceeds.As I have said before he is very ironic. Before the inspector comes into inspect them they are having a party because Mr Birlings daughteris engaged to Gerald. Here Mr Birling is telling his son Eric and hisfuture son in law how conduct is and what is going to happen. His sonEric is talking about a possible war.

Shakespeares As You Like It - The Transformation of Rosalind :: Shakespeare As You Like It Essays

As You deal It  The Transformation of Rosalind                    Many characters undergo a change in William Shakespe ars play, As You Like It.  Duke Senior goes from being a member of a court to being a member of a forest.  Orlando changes from a bitter younger brother to a love-sick young man. But the most obvious transformation undergone, is done by Rosalind.  Her change from woman to man, not only alters her mood, candor, and gender, but allows her to be the master of ceremonies.         Celia and Rosalind are fairly happy in the court of Celias father, Duke Frederick.  However, much to her surprise, the Duke banishes Rosalind from his court.  Celia, not allowing her beloved cousin to go it alone, concludes to accompany her to where ever she  may roam.  They decide to search out Rosalinds father, Duke Senior, in the forest of Arden.&nb sp Before they depart, Rosalind decides that for both her and Celias safety, she will dress herself as a man, saying,                   Were it not better,                 Because that I am more than common tall,                 That I did suit me all points like a man?                 A gallant curtal ax upon my thigh,                 A boar gig in my hand, and- in my hear                 Lie there what hidden womans fear there will-                 Well have a swashing and a martial outside,               &n bsp As many other mannish cowards have                 That do outface it with their semblances.                 (13 ll. 112-120)   At first glance, this transformation is a mere change of clothes and the addendum of weapons, but it goes much deeper.         To Rosalind, the taking on of a mans appearance requires certain things.  She believes that while dressed as a man, she cannot bring bewilder to the image of a man.  A good example of this is in Act 2, Scene 4, where she says, I could find in my heart to disgrace my mans/ apparel and to cry like a woman but I must comfort/ the weaker

Path-Goal Leadership Theory Essay -- Path-Goal Leadership Theory

Path-goal theory deals with the leaders style to motivate followers, to accomplish set goals (Northouse, 2010). The path-goal theory is simply the meaning that a leader works with an individual to establish a goal. The leader does this by individual motivation to achieve the proposed goal, while working through obstacles that whitethorn hinder achieving that goal (Whitener, 2007). The basic assumption of path-goal theory is that the following motivates subordinates the capability to perform the work, their efforts allow for result in a certain outcome, and the payoff forget be worthwhile (Whitener, 2007). The path-goal theory is a pragmatic approach that the leader uses to motivate the followers to achieve the set goals. The path-goal theory is derived from the expectancy theory and contains quartet types of leadership behaviors directive, supportive, participative, and achievement-oriented (Whitener, 2007). Directive leaders provide clear task instructions, timeline for task com pletion, and standards of expectancy and how to accomplish the task (Northouse, 2010). Supportive leaders are friendly and approachable, work on followers as equals, and attempt to make the work pleasurable for the follower (Whitener, 2007). A participative leader shares decision making with followers and integrates their suggestions and feedback into the task goals (Northouse, 2010). Finally, achievement-oriented leaders contest followers to achieve excellence by encouraging them to work at the highest level of achievement possible (Northouse, 2010).However, each of the behaviors can be used respectively or collectively as different situations call for different behaviors (Whitener, 2007). Follower characteristics describe how an individual will interpret ... ...ality, it is my belief it will prove likewise efficient. By automating the asset tracking processes, our people will be freed up to think and plan as opposed to do and react. In addition, our management will have the accurate and timely information they need to make strategic and tactical asset procurement, tracking and retirement decisions. Works CitedCSC. (2010). Retrieved from http//www.csc.com/global_alliances/alliances/32254-sap Kinicki, A., & Kreitner, R. (2009). Organizational behavior give away concepts, skills and best practices (customized 4th ed.). New York, NY McGraw-Hill Irwin. Northouse, P. (2010). Leadership theory and practice. Thousand Oaks, Ca. Sage Publications, Inc.Whitener, J. K. (2007). Year of wonders The wonder of leadership. Advances in Developing Human Resources, 9(2), 214-222,226-230,234-235. from ABI/INFORM Global.

Path-Goal Leadership Theory Essay -- Path-Goal Leadership Theory

Path-goal theory deals with the leaders style to motivate followers, to accomplish set goals (Northouse, 2010). The path-goal theory is simply the implication that a leader works with an one-on-one to establish a goal. The leader does this by individual motivation to achieve the proposed goal, while working through obstacles that may hinder achieving that goal (Whitener, 2007). The basic precondition of path-goal theory is that the following motivates subordinates the capability to perform the work, their efforts will result in a certain outcome, and the payoff will be worthwhile (Whitener, 2007). The path-goal theory is a pragmatic approach that the leader uses to motivate the followers to achieve the set goals. The path-goal theory is derived from the expectancy theory and contains four types of leadership behaviors directive, supportive, participative, and achievement-oriented (Whitener, 2007). Directive leaders succeed clear task instructions, timeline for task completion, and standards of expectancy and how to accomplish the task (Northouse, 2010). Supportive leaders are friendly and approachable, treat followers as equals, and attempt to gravel the work pleasurable for the follower (Whitener, 2007). A participative leader shares decision making with followers and integrates their suggestions and feedback into the task goals (Northouse, 2010). Finally, achievement-oriented leaders challenge followers to achieve excellence by encouraging them to work at the highest level of achievement possible (Northouse, 2010).However, each of the behaviors can be used individually or collectively as diametrical situations call for different behaviors (Whitener, 2007). Follower characteristics describe how an individual will interpret ... ...ality, it is my belief it will prove also efficient. By automating the asset tracking processes, our sight will be freed up to think and plan as opposed to do and react. In addition, our management will have the accurate and t imely training they need to make strategic and tactical asset procurement, tracking and retirement decisions. Works CitedCSC. (2010). Retrieved from http//www.csc.com/global_alliances/alliances/32254-sap Kinicki, A., & Kreitner, R. (2009). Organizational behavior Key concepts, skills and best practices (customized 4th ed.). New York, NY McGraw-Hill Irwin. Northouse, P. (2010). leadership theory and practice. Thousand Oaks, Ca. Sage Publications, Inc.Whitener, J. K. (2007). Year of wonders The wonder of leadership. Advances in Developing Human Resources, 9(2), 214-222,226-230,234-235. from ABI/INFORM Global.

Environmental Sciences Cover Letter

Manar Mansour Beirut, Lebanon To whom it may concern, I am highly interested in the practice of improving the public wellbeing. Through my research, I have learned that this is a rapidly expanding field, and that your esteemed company is a leader in this domain. I am interested in a public health related job, in which I can utilize my analytical skills and inclusive education for our interchangeable benefit. I recently graduated from the American University of Beirut, having served an internship at AUB as well.During my internship, I gained valuable knowledge of public health while helping to evaluate and piece various health oriented practices of several industries, and their abidance by internationally agreed upon standards and guidelines. I also participated in a community based contain in an underprivileged Lebanese village, in an attempt to assess particular health related concerns and help propose and facilitate the necessary measures to be taken. Besides, my coursework has compound my statistical analysis skills, which are crucial to data interpretation and research.In the meantime, I was elected as a committee responsible for three consecutive days for one of the active clubs in AUB, which gave me the opportunity to build administrative and organizational skills, and participate in large scale community service activities as well, such as public awareness campaigns in poor camps, charity activities with children with disabilities and elderly, as well as providing children in underprivileged areas with the necessary education.My goal is to get endure in a public health related field toward solving todays related problems. My skills and experience will enable me to address the live challenges in delivering efficient product to its seekers. Please find attached my CV for additional review. I appreciate your time and consideration. Yours Sincerely, Manar Mansour October 15th, 2012

Information Communication Technology Essay

Where ever you go you al guidances see ICT whether its at the film or at a bank, it has become a necessity in modern life. This report I will be writing, will be on the way I do activities at home and at school exploitation ICT (Information Communication Technology). It will as salutary show what I am cap satisfactory to do on a daily basis, as a result of information technology products, such as my homework, friendlyising with my friends, playing games and oftentimes more. The tercet ICT technologies I will discussing atomic number 18* Mobile Phones* E-Mail* USB Mass Storage Systems ( pen fill, Flash Memory Cards)The Mobile PhoneA mobile circularize for was in the first smear invented for long range communication through a port competent, electronic de guilt, yet nowadays, as technology progressed the mobile expect in, not allows me to make calls to people from long ranges, but it also allows me to consumption SMS (Short Messaging System) which means I fanny send m essages to others without direct remove for speech. I am also fitting to access a variety of files such as image, video and music.Mobile knells work by the use of a Subscriber Identity Module Card or SIM Card. It holds a microchip and is inserted into the handset allowing you access to a certain mobile phone network depending on who your provider is. This network is made up of a serial of base stations that send signals used by mobile phones. The atomic number 18a c everyplaceed by each of these base stations is called a cell and cells lap to make up a coverage ara.AdvantagesThere be umteen advantages to having a mobile phone such as* You ar able to announce with others through SMS, articulation calls and even video calls for whatever reason and vice versa.* You be able to carry media files on your phone for entertainment purposes.* Nowadays umteen an(prenominal) mobile phones allow you to access the Internet through WAP (Wireless Application Protocol), GPRS (General Packet Radio Service), Wi-Fi (although a disadvantage to Wi-Fi is that you fatality to be within range of a wireless network connected to the Internet)* The mobile phone plenty be used almost anywhere without the need for landline cables etceteraDisadvantagesAlong with advantages at that place are also or so disadvantages such as* Firstly, it is much more over impairmentd to use than a landline and charges vary when calling other networks.* Also, providers make water different numbers of base stations meaning that well-nigh providers would a boastfulr coverage area than others so you wouldnt be able to use your phone everywhere.* Mobile phones arent able to happen any reception in some buildings that lease no direct access to the outdoors e.g. windows and also when you are underground.* Also when one base station has too many people connected to it, it corporation sometimes disconnect your call. in-person necessitateWhen it comes to using my phone personally, I use it t o make phone calls to my family to let them know where I am or when I will back home. It is a way that my parents domiciliate ensure that I am safe and it is also a connection if there is any emergency and they need to tactile sensation me. Also I am able to listen to music through the music player.How the technology meets my in the flesh(predicate) needsMy personal needs are met by this technology it allows me to pass around with my family while I am not around with them. I squeeze out call any of my contacts which are saved in my contact list, by accessing the database of contacts on my mobile phone. By pressing certain buttons (input) different menus come up, in this case my contact list (outcome).This is done by the phones mainframe (Central Processing Unit), it starts to carry out the information received by pressing certain buttons and gives the outcome of whatever buttons I concur pressed, for example by me opening my contact list and I roll in the hay take in rele vant numbers that I can use to contact my family for example my mothers contact details, it gives me the phone numbers available for me to contact her, from there I can choose the required number I want to call then the mobile phone starts to connect to it and will send a request to the other phone for my call to be accepted or rejected depending on the person.Also when I am going to and from school, doing homework, going out or any other reason, I am able to listen to music while I do the activity. It allows me to pass time more quickly if I am getting bored and sometimes helps me to concentrate while I do work.Evaluate Personal postulateI can use this technology very well to meet my personal needs as I am able to say with my family cheaply through the use of SMS and voice calls. But as you go on and need to use your phone more you find that it is too expensive to use the phone but those needs are met by the use of contracts where you receive various numbers of free texts and voi ce calls for a set price per month. This makes it not only cheaper but easier to contact family because I do not need to worry about having mountainous bills to pay out.Social necessarilyI need to use my phone for social reasons so that I can communicate with my friends and organise certain activities such as parties. I also need to be able to send and receive SMS messages.How the technology meets my social needsI need to be able to contact my friends, on a tied(p) basis and at short notice, while I am out and about. I am able to do this due to the services provided by a mobile phone, it lets you make calls and send SMSs. My friends would call me to ask if I am able to come to certain arrangements, fair(a) as I would call or use SMS to see whether or not they are allowed to come to some events. Even if, for any reason, I am unable to accept a voice/video call from my friends they are still able to contact me through voice mail service where they can save a message that I can che ck subsequently on and get back to them. Also with SMS if my phone is turned off I will still receive the SMS as soon as I turn my phone back on. I can, not only communicate, but I can also piece files with my friends through the use of Bluetooth or Infrared. I am able to send them music, images, videos or games quickly and effectively, anywhere.Evaluate Social necessitateThe mobile phone technology is excellent at meeting my social needs because it allows me make and receive calls and text messages and also share files with my friends. To further meet my needs it could better itself in the way you have to share files, you are unable to send a group of files at one given time but instead you need to accept each file you would uniform to receive after the previous file has been sent.School NeedsAs it is against school rules to have a mobile phone with you during school hours, there would be only one need for a mobile phone at school, and that is to secretly send messages to other pupils about various things.How the technology meets my School NeedsI need to be able to send messages to my friends during school hours discreetly and I am able to do this because of the different sound settings the phone has. You are able to put your phone on vibrate or silent so that the instructor cannot tell that I am using my phone. I can also use the mass storage system from inbuilt memories or external memory cards to save/ transfer files from home to school and vice versa.Evaluate School Needs give thanks to the silent/vibrate settings I can send text messages without getting caught but the level of vibration is sometimes too much and can be heard and by putting it on silent you wouldnt realise you received a text and you would have to keep on checking and that could potentially get you caught, so by being able to set the vibration intensity I would be able to be more discreet and attract less attention when I receive a text.E(lectronic) MailE-mail is a system for sendin g and receiving messages electronically over a data processor network, through modems using telephone lines, or, through wireless transmissions to anybody around the world who has access to a computing device and has their give personal email address. Examples of messengers are yahoo messenger, windows live hotmail, g-mail.In an email you can send notes, letters and most kinds of files music, image video, word processing and others.To send e-mails you first need an email address this consists of five parts* Firstly, the username (e.g. john_smith), this refers to the recipients mailbox.* Then there is a sign.* Thirdly you have the host name (hotmail, yahoo etcetera) this refers to the mail server this is mainly the company name.* The host name is followed by a dot .* It is then completed by the domain (com, co.uk, gov.uk etcetera)AdvantagesThere are many advantages to e-mail such as* You can use e-mail at any time of the day and it will be sent to the preferred destination.* I t is much quicker than by post snail mail and you can ensure that it doesnt get confounded because it doesnt have to go through the process of sorting.* Its free to use.* It can be sent to anyone around the world so long as they have an Internet connection.* You can send messages to large numbers of peopleDisadvantagesAlong with the advantages there are also disadvantages to e-mail such as* You cant ensure you will get an pulse reply because the receiver might not check his mail until later* You are subject to getting spam* There is less security as third parties are able to retrieve your email address* Not always suitable for serious business documents or transactions requiring signatures.Personal NeedsI need to be able to contact my family via e-mail at any time of the day as I have family abroad and it is a free way of communicating to them instead of wasting a lot of funds in making international calls. Also I need to be able to send some files to myself if I ever need to. F or example music files.How the technology meets my Personal NeedsWith e-mail I am able to contact my family abroad or if they are at work on a regular basis. E-mail is a free type of mail which can be network based or meshing based or on a certain calculator. If an email address is based on the web then it can be accessed from any computer that has an Internet connection but an email that is based on a certain computer or network can only be accessed from that computer or any computer which is connected to the network. Using Email is much more effectual and easier for me because to be able to contact my family without the use of a telephone makes it cheaper to use because e-mail is free.Evaluate Personal NeedsMy personal needs are met very well by the use of e-mail due to me being able to contact my family anywhere in the world very quickly and at no duplication cost this makes my life easier and also better in the sense I have more money, because I dont need to spend money maki ng international calls and instead use e-mail I am able to save money to get the equivalent message across.Ways that e-mail can be made better are that it should automatically detect spam mailings and delete them and to make matters better for everyone who holds an e-mail address, hosts worry hotmail and yahoo should not allow third parties to have access to our information.Social NeedsI need to use e-mail to contact my friends when I am unable to call/text them. It is an alternate way for me communicate with my friends if I ever need to talk to them about certain matters.How the technology meets my Social NeedsInstead of the phone to communicate I can use e-mail or the more instant version IM, Instant Messaging, which is absolutely free to use. IM is when I am able to communicate with friends and family through different chat rooms. Windows Live Messenger, for example allows me to talk to friends and family when, the person I wish to speak to, and I are online at the same time it is similar to using the phone but the main difference is you are not talking but instead you are typing. I can arrange to meet up with people to go to the cinema or Brent Cross whenever I please I can also just generally talk with my friends about things that are going on at school etcetera. It allows my friends to talk to me if ever the need anything. Many IM servers allow you to play games with your friends like tic-tac-toe or poker I take advantage of this feature and play the games with many of my friends. The use of e-mail and IM, socially, means hassles like friends arriving at place too early or late can be avoided because we can tell each quickly and simply through this technology.Evaluate Social NeedsE-mail and IM meets my needs for social uses very well because I am able to converse with my friends and family and arrange events like going to the cinema with great ease. I dont have to go through the process of phoning different people at different times and spending money on calls, I can just go on an IM server and talk to all the necessary people at the same time and in one discourse making it more like speaking to them in person.Ways it can be improved to meet my social needs are that it should be more easily accessed, you should be able to use these IM services on your mobile phone for free so you dont need to be on a computer all the time.School NeedsI can use e-mail to help me with my school work as I am able to send work-related files to myself and then access them at home and vice versa.How this technology meets me School NeedsPeople who do not have their own external mass storage device, for any reason, can take advantage of using e-mail to send work. On many occasions I have forgotten to bring my USB Pen drive back to school but I that hasnt stopped me from being able to take my work home with me. Thanks to e-mail I am able to send necessary files to myself so I can complete that work at home. Also my friends are able to send me files whic h can aid me in doing my homework via e-mail. I can also send my coursework files to relevant subject teachers for them to mark and give back, this means I do not have to waste time in trying to track down the teachers but they can receive it successfully without it being lost through e-mail. I have known people who have asked other teachers to give the coursework to their teacher and had it lost and others who have sent their work directly to the teachers e-mail address this is more efficient because that way you can be sure that it wont get lost.Evaluate School NeedsI am able to use e-mail to meet my school needs very well. I can send work to myself so I can continue to do the work at home. This is very good because a lot of the ICT syllabus requires doing work, not only at school, but a lot at home as well and people like me who, on a regular basis forget to bring their USB Pen experience to school, can benefit the use of e-mail to send work home.Ways that it could be improved t o meet my school needs are that it should allow you to send whole files at the same time, because currently it only allows me to send any number of files but it has to be done all separately, this is very time down as I have to upload each individual file into an attachment and then I have to download each file onto the computer when I get home . By allowing you to send a whole file at once it saves much more time and hassle.USB Pen Drive Flash MemoryUSB Pen Drives are portable, external mass storage devices with a USB plug which can transfer files from one USB certificationing machine to another. These are ideally suited to people who have a large number of documents that require frequent access in different places. The memory capableness of these devices has been change magnitude steadily over the last few years due to advances in technology. The first mass storage system started off only with a capacity of 32mb but nowadays we have USB Pen Drives ranging from 32 MB (megabyte s) to 4 GB (gigabytes). USB (Universal Serial Bus) Pen Drives come in many different ways, you get the standard device which is used for storage only and then you get other devices which are mp3s as well, so not only can you save important files on it you can also listen to musicUSB Flash Memory differs from hard drives because the Flash Memory stores the memory in a chip whereas hard drives store the memory in a diskAdvantagesThere are advantages to having a USB Pen Drive such as* They are supported by most operating systems, and can be directly attached to a hardware device.* It is portable and easy to transport as they are so small and compact.* You can transfer files from one computer/machine to another.* You can get different amount storage on them depending on the coat and/or quantity of your files.* They can carry much more data than a floppy disk.* Nowadays they arent very expensive to buy.DisadvantagesJust as there are advantages there are also disadvantages to USB Pen Dri ve such as* You have a limited amount of storage some files whitethorn be too big to hold in the USB Pen Drive or you may have too many files on it.* Files may get corrupted on the USB Pen Drive if it is faulty resulting in you losing your work* Due to the portability of it, it is very easy to lose track of it and you may find that you keep on misplacing it.* Some older technologies like old computers do not support USB ports meaning there is no use for the USB Pen Drive.Personal NeedsI do not have much of a personal need for USB Pen Drives but sometimes I need to be able to transfer data from one place to another such as music files(mp3, wma), image files(jpg.), video files(wmv, mp4, mpeg).How the technology meets my Personal NeedsWith a USB Pen Drive I am able to move files to different destinations for example if one of my computers in the house is connected to the Internet and the other computer isnt, I can download a file from the Internet and then transfer it to the other com puter via USB.Evaluate Personal NeedsUSB Pen Drive meets my needs very well because I am able to transfer many files and folders at the same time to different systems that support USB Ports. Due to the large amounts of memory available to the ability to compress files you end up with a lot space for you to use.Social NeedsJust as there are not many uses for USB Pen Drive personally, socially there are limited uses. The main social use for the USB Pen Drive is that you can share files with friends like music or images.How the technology meets my Social NeedsIf ever I need to go to my friends house and they need some files or I need to get some files from them, I am able to use a USB Pen Drive to transfer files. It is more efficient than using e-mail because you are able to transfer whole files and on e-mail you have limits to the size of the file you can send. Also I can access the files without the need of accessing the Internet.Evaluate Social NeedsThe USB Pen Drive meets my social needs very well because I can move files to any system at my friends house very easily. This is very helpful because some of my friends dont have access to the Internet so I can use the USB Pen Drive to give them files.School NeedsUnlike my social and personal needs there are many uses for the USB Pen Drive in school life. I am able to transfer files from school to my home and continue to do my work.How this technology meets my School NeedsAs an ICT GSCE student I need to be able to take coursework, data files and other various files to and from school, with a USB Pen Drive I can easily do that. With a 1GB flash memory drive I have no problem transferring files. Using a USB Pen Drive I dont need to access the Internet, instead I can just plug it into the computer and it will detect the hardware and install the software to run the USB Pen Drive. When it has done that I can freely open up the USB Pen Drive files from My Computer and drag and drop necessary files. I can carry on doin g work at home and complete it to give in to the teacher the succeeding(prenominal) day it is better than having to wait until the next lesson to complete the work.Evaluate School NeedsThe USB Pen Drive meets my school needs extremely well thanks to it I can send/transfer files to any computer I need to complete my school work. This is very useful because some computers may not have the program/software to support the necessary file so being able to move files via USB Pen Drive is helpful because then I can move it to a computer that does have the software.Ways to make the USB Pen Drive better in meeting my school needs are that you should be able to upgrade your USB Pen Drive to have a larger space for memory instead of having to buy a new one.

Effect of Solvent Exposure and Temperature on Beet Cell Membrane

The Effect of Solvent Exposure and Temperature on Beet Cell Membrane truth Introduction Cell tissue layers are vital to proper cadreular function Cell membranes consist of a lipid bilayer made up of phospholipids Phospholipids are amphipathic molecules pith they have a dual nature in that they show both hydrophilic ( piss-loving) and hydrophobic (water-fearing) properties The amphipathic nature of phospholipids causes them to spontaneously form bilayers in water ground solutions o The inner and outer surfaces of the bilayers are hydrophilic and can interact with the aqueous environment, while the core of the bilayer is hydrophobic and able to exclude water and other polar molecules o Because of these properties, phospholipids bilayers are able to serve multiple functions including ? act as barriers to protect the mobile phone from the outside environment ? house proteins and carbohydrates necessary for cadre to cadre and extracellular communication ? rganize and provide su rface areas for metabolic reactions While the phospholipids bilayer is a spiritedly organized system with multiple functions, it is also highly high-powe cherry-red and can be functionally described using the changeful mosaic model (FMM) o FMM characterizes the phospholipids bilayer of the cell membrane as highly dynamic and fluid meaning that the position (location) of any given phospholipids in the membrane is not fixed but fluid thus, individual phospholipids can change positions are demand based on the current conditions. o Similarly proteins and carbohydrates are generally mobile in the membrane as well. This experiment was aimed at investigating the conditions that bear on cell membrane faithfulness. o Because cell membranes are part of a living system they are sensitive to environmental conditions o Like or so biological systems, cell membranes show a relatively narrow range of function with respect to pH, temperature, and exposure to organic solvents The experiment al model employed was red beets Red beet cells contain large, membrane bound central vacuoles that house a pigment, betacyanin o When cell and vacuole membranes are in tact, betacyanin in contained within the cell o If the cell and vacuole membranes are disrupted, betacyanin can leak in the surrounding solution turning it pink o Higher amounts of membrane damage impart lead to more(prenominal) leakage of betacyanin pigment from the cells. The more pigment present the high the absorbance teaching. o Therefore, betacyanin release, as determined by measuring absorbance, serves as a proxy for quantifying membrane damage. In this experiment, we tested the order of changing two environmental conditions on cell membrane integrity.First, we tested the issuing of temperature on cell membranes o To accomplish this we exposed beet cells to temperatures ranging from -5(C to 70(C o Because cell membranes maintain integrity under a narrow range of conditions, we hypothesize that exposure t o higher temperatures (50-70(C) and extreme low temperatures (-5(C) will cause severe damage to the cell membranes which will result in higher amounts of betacyanin being released from the cells. We also tested the effect of exposing beet cells to two different solvents o Methanol and acetone are organic solvents capable of dissolving hydrophobic species such as phospholipids o dimethyl ketone is generally considered a stronger organic solvent compared with methanol o Thus, we hypothesize that exposure to acetone will cause more damage to beet cell membranes compared with exposure to methanol.Additionally, we hypothesize that higher concentrations of acetone will cause more damage than lower concentrations. Similarly, higher concentrations of methanol will also cause more damage. Results (the data numbers are for example only and meant to reflect the general trend in the class data from individual groups will vary) Experiment 1 The effect of temperature on cell membrane integrity o We tested the effect of exposing beet cells to various temperatures ranging from -5(C to 70(C. (Question) o To do this, uniform pieces of beet were position in empty test tubes then incubated at a specific temperature. (How the question was addressed) ?Following this water was added to the test tube and the cells were incubated for 20 minutes. ? After incubation, the water was transferred to a clean tube and absorbance at 425 nm was determined. o Absorbace readings were similar at temperatures of 5? C, 25? C, 40? C, 55? C, and 70? C (A425 0. 25-0. 30) (Figure 1) (Experimental data) o pensiveness at -5? C showed a dramatic increase in absorbance (A460 = 0. 95) (Figure 1) (Experimental data) o We conclude from this data that temperatures ranging from 5-70? C have only minor do on cell membrane integrity. In contrast exposure of cells to a temperature below freezing causes much more membrane damage. (Conclusion) Experiment 2 The effect of solvent on cell membrane integrity o We te sted whether exposure to two different organic solvents, methanol and acetone, disrupted cell membrane integrity (Question) o Beet cells were incubated in 10%, 25%, and 50% methanol or 10%, 25%, and 50% acetone. Additionally, additionally cells were also incubated in saline, a solvent that mimics physiological conditions. (How the question was addressed) ? Following exposure to solvent, membrane damage was determined by measuring absorbance. o Incubation in 10% or 25% methanol yielded absorbance readings of 0. 2 and 0. 25 respectively however, incubation in 50% methanol showed an increase in absorbance to 0. 5. Figure 2) (Experimental data) o Incubation in 10% or 25% acetone produced higher absorbance readings compared to the same concentrations of methanol (0. 4 and 0. 42 respectively). Similar to 50% methanol, 50% acetone yielded the highest absorbance reading of 0. 8 (Figure 2). (Experimental data) o Taken together, these data show that acetone causes more membrane damage than me thanol and that concentrations of 50% solvent are more negative than lower concentrations. (Conclusion) Overall Conclusion We hypothesized that temperatures outside of the normal physiological range would disrupt membrane integrity causing betacyanin to leak out of the cells. Our data shows that our opening was partly correct, low temperature, -5? C, inflicts the most damage to cell membranes while higher temperatures, ranging from 55-70? C induce little damage when compared with physiological temperatures. We also hypothesized that exposure to high concentration organic solvents would disrupt membrane integrity and that acetone, being a stronger solvent, would show more damage than methanol. o In this case our hypothesis was support. dimethyl ketone showed more damage as measured by betacyanin release than methanol. Additionally, the highest concentration of each solvent showed the most damage. Data pic Figure 1 The effect of temperature on cell membrane integrity.Cells were exp osed to temperatures ranging from -5C to 70C. Following incubation at the indicated temperature, water was added and the cells were allowed to incubate at room temperature for 20 minutes. Damage to cell membrane integrity was assessed by quantifying leakage of the pigment betacyanin via measuring light absorbance at 460 nm. pic Figure 2 The effect of solvent on cell membrane integrity. Cells were incubated in the comportment of methanol, acetone, or saline at the indicated concentrations. Following incubation, damage to cell membrane integrity was assessed by quantifying leakage of the pigment betacyanin via measuring light absorbance at 460 nm.

Living in Fear of Ourselves

Since the beginning of time alarmfulness has made men do things he is not proud of. This is no different in the book victor of the Flies. The children on the island, particularly Jacks tribe, have made many poor choices out of fear. This is similar to how fear affects the outcome of certain choices that are made in hostelry today. In Lord of the Flies it clearly shows how fear led to the death of Simon, the death of Piggy, and how fear rump lead to savagery and chaos whether on a deserted island or in every day life. For example, fear on the island was what caused the death of Simon.The boys on the island were full of fear of The Beast (Golding 153), which they thought was a parachutist, save is nothing more than their imagination. Due to their fear, they mistook Simon for the beast and ended up throwing their spears at him in the dark, causing his death. Simon showed courage when he went to look for the beast. The boys were getting wild and tough doing their rain dance to get rid of the rain because they were afraid of the thunder and lightning. Instead of exploring the island and finding out what they were afraid of , Ralph and Jack were busy trying to ensconce who would be the leader of the island.Fear of the beast got the boys scared that he beast was going to come down and kill them, Simon thought other wise. On the island fear of each other caused another death. Fear caused division amongst the boys which led to another death on the island. Ralph, Piggy, and Sam and Eric were going to get Piggys specs back. Piggy evince his concern Rivera 2 about going because he was afraid of Jack. He had reason to be afraid of Jack because he was bigger, stronger and had intimidated him in the past, for instance, he would often tell Piggy to Shut Up (Golding 37). Jack was afraid that Ralph would be the leader instead of him. When Ralph and his crew showed up at Castle throw off they noticed that Jacks tribe had their faces painted black like savages. Jack orde red Roger to get the bowlder trap to get rid of Ralph and his crew. Piggy and Ralph put their fear aside and went up to tell Jack that the glasses were Piggys. Meanwhile, Roger, out of fear that Jack would hurt him if he didnt obey his orders, let the boulder trap go. The boulder hits Piggy and he falls off the cliff and dies.Jack covers up his fear by saying that he had planned it all along. As you can see, fear often leads people to make wrong choices, and unfortunately they are left with the consequences of their actions, or the lack of their actions depending on how they let fear manipulate them. The saying its better to be safe then sorry is a great way to sum up how people let fear control them. world fearful is not always a abominable thing, but when you let it completely take over how you react to every situation it becomes a bad thing.For example, if your friends are doing something you know is wrong but youre scared they wont like you if you dont do it, and you go ahead and do it any way, that is being a coward. quite a little who run from the police because they are scared to go to jail, is a bad decision many people often make out of fear. People in the world often let other peoples fear control them. When at an amusement park, deciding not to go on a ride because a friend is scared, would change the outcome of the trip from having a good time to being bored.Often in politics people all vote the said(prenominal) way because some champion else is telling them to and they are fearful of what people impart think of them if they vote against crowd. There are many things people fear, the unknown, finances, love, happiness, death, just to label a few. Knowing when to let go of some of the fear is the important part. Being confident in life Rivera 3 and sticking up for what one believes in helps people become confident and not afraid all the time. Learning the difference between being cautious and being afraid is what will people in society must le arn to not live in fear of living.In Lord of the Flies there are twain perfect examples of how fear controlled the minds of the kids which eventually led to the deaths of Simon and Piggy. Fear in the world can cause things to go wrong, because it makes people hate each other and be prejudice. A lot of bad decisions are made out of fear that hurt others. Learning to live without fear is something that people should try to learn to do. In Lord of the Flies, the island would have been a more secure place, if the kids would have been more secure with themselves, and that is the same for the world we live in today.

Factors behind the development and Internationalization of Capital Markets Essay

Financial markets especially the computer memory market has considerably positive in the past few decades. Several factors have been seen to have aided in their growth and phylogeny globally. It has also increased cross-border capital movement, tight links amongst the financial market. The most important element of global market has been increased stock exchange. This paper is therefore aimed at finding the factors which have led to the education and Internationalization of stock exchange facility.Questions to be investigatedObjectively, the paper is to disclose the possible factors affecting the Development and planetaryization of the capital markets. It is therefore worth notice that these questions has to be addressed What atomic number 18 the factors that favor the development of international markets?, What are the hindrances in the achievement of fast development of international capital markets? And how do these factors that affect the development of international capit al markets affect the domestic markets?Factors influencing the Stock market development and internationalizationA least two possible views exists on how economic basic principle may influence domestic stock market and internationalization. One of the views is that better institutional and macroeconomic environments spur more developed domestic stock markets thus reduces the need to of the use of international markets.The second part of it is behind a number of recent papers on internationalization, this has no longer been an international pay research topic. With regard to this view, it has been found that poor domestic environments prompt firms and investors to use international markets more intensively. In this, the poor domestic environment has been is considered as genius of the main reasons for capital flight and greater use by domestic residents of all types of financial services offered internationally (Collier et al, 1999). This also applies to the services offered by th e stock markets, where firms may disturbedt to escape a poor domestic system with weak institutions.The recent papers done on where international marketers are considered to be more attractive to the firms from poor institutional environments, this is because they offer better protection to investors. As a result, according to this view poor domestic markets lead to worse domestic development. What comes out clearly in this view is the assumption that even firms from poor domestic environments can choose to go international and will wan to internationalize even more especially if they are located in a country with poor institutional environment and weak capital markets.A second view is based on the fact that a better domestic environment in creases the attractiveness of assets to investors. The markets offer larger amounts of external financing, higher(prenominal) liquidity and lower cost of capital when the firms host country improves. Under this view, macroeconomics and institut ional factors determine the relative willingness of domestic and international investors to ply financing to firms. Investors in international markets may however reward a better environment more than investors in domestic markets do.If thee be an access to the international markets, then better fundamentals will also be available hence it leas to more use of capital markets. Moreover, with liquidity agglomerating in one market, a process of improved fundamentals and increased internalization may have negative effects on the domestic markets, providing international markets with greater advantage.For this reason, there are arguments for both the positive and negative impact on internationalization in those fundamentals that help to develop the local markets.ReferencesCollier, Hoeffler, and Pattilo, (1999) Determinants of Capital flight

Reflective Paper/Generational Poverty Essay

Generational Poverty creates a hale family oriented environment that is a bond that closely peasantren refuse to want to break by leaving home. Most of the children that be raised in destitution have a deprivation of education resulting in a high dropout rate due to frustration in l authorizeing or teen pregnancy. Children become possessions to their p bents instead of some iodin that they should t for each one and prep atomic number 18 for them to attain out on their own to achieve success for their families. The older children tend to take care of the younger children forming a sense of belonging to the family resulting in the children to be afraid of leaving home ever. Single parents tend to work longer hours resulting in the inability to educate their children resulting with lower test scores in train causing educational boundaries that could cause illiteracy with children wanting to drop out because of anger and depression with the inability to learn and keep up with th e other children. in that location is a lack of cultural comes to other environments due to lack of money or transportation to and from areas of culture. This disregard present language issues where children only know current words and the specifics of communicating what their needs are expressed unsuccess integraly due to creation uneducated. (Entertainment, 2006) As the children grow into being teens their lack of education could cause a severe resistance to wanting success or achieve greater paying jobs. This could lead to illegal activities such as the making and selling of drugs to earn money to support their children or to a aliveness of crime and theft. The men that frequent the homes are either lovers or fighter and they come and go in and out of the lives of the woman and children, mostly because they may be wanted by law enforcement. This could lead to the children having a lack of food to sustain proper provender based on the large families and low income that the parents bring home. (Entertainment, 2006)Planning for the future is crucial in everyones life this provides more stability for families so that they note secure for their futures. However, in generational meagerness there is an inability to plan or save money for the future due to a lack of income. So planning is nearly impossible because they taket know where they might be from day to day. Without having any bank accounts or having a mind frame to handle money, they use every penny that comes into the household for survival, entertainment or relationships only there is no security for the future so living in the present is all that populations of generational impoverishment enkindle do. With an assumption of unemployment most of the members of generational poorness turn to house cleaning, doing peoples hair or nails and even baby sitting for extra income to supplement some money that is needed. They have no concept for long term careers and hold a variety of jobs creates a common ideal of no future security for not only the adults but this mentality also passes onto the children who are victims of generational scantness. (Entertainment, 2006)Most of the long term jobs that generational poverty members have are dwindling as there is not a need for so many workers in the agricultural fields. Coal mines are block down there is despair in the towns where work was once abundant now the merchants are closing causing citizens to move away from the area. Now there are a lot of drugs, theft and generalized crime. The economy is shifting from manufacturing to a service economy and many of those in generational poverty cant go along with that shift based of lack of educational experience to help them achieve higher pay, so in the end the manufacturing workers are relying on state assistance for food, money and medical. This becomes mentally instilled into the minds of the children that are being raised with little or no money that it is okay to be on state a ssistance and live that way for many years resulting in misuse of the system.In the 1960s Oscar Lewis introduced the Poverty Culture as they learn from each other resulting in forming a new normal that includes the un propensityd to work and have no education, with this shift we could see a lot of generational poverty groups shifting from TANF to SSI. (Entertainment, 2006) Members of generational poverty are considered to be under classed where they cant or wont and are non-participating in work feel help agencies. These people are in great demand for food, beds, clothes and school supplies where they are unprepared to participate in the main stream day to day due to illiteracy. With the under developed skills there are more school drop outs, more teen pregnancies and higher unemployment rates. Poverty stricken individuals are likely to abuse every governmental assistance program and soak up away with abusing the system as each system is not connected with one another. (Entertain ment, 2006)As rare as it is some do break the roll of poverty to poverty proving that the myths involved with not being able to escape poverty and the cultural shock of success is possible. It may take 10-15 years more to fully understand generational poverty. We know that most of those who are classed in poverty just settle for where they are because of not being educated and a lack of desire to succeed fearing that they will not be accepted cover version into their families if they make it out of the poverty level. With their mind set being that they are illiterate they feel that they cant get jobs so therefore they dont even try to better themselves. This effects educators in teaching children because of lack of social cognitive skills to successfully communicate their needs and to be some to read and write on the corresponding level of children their own age, the value on a good education is not transferred to generational poverty children.Educators at school want to help ch ildren to excel academically, but when a value is not placed on learning it makes it difficult for teachers to have a strong desire to want to help those who dont help themselves to succeed, resulting in poorer quality of education at home, with peers and in the environment where roles are played. Parents are not taking the time that is needed to teach their children, most of the children are considered latch key kids or in daycare after school until they can get off work presenting a lack of supervision for the children to take their studies seriously leading to a higher dropout rate among generational poverty children.Schools are ascendent to implement more structure to help those who desire to overcome generational poverty however change cannot occur over night and the first subject that needs to change is the attitude of the child before escape from generational poverty can be made. Without motivation or the will to improve their maculation then the cycle cannot be broken, th erefore a good solid education is the first thing that needs to be accomplished so that the cycle can be broken and children of generational poverty can succeed in breaking the cycle. (Diller, 2011) (Entertainment, 2006)AGED FACING ACCESS TO EMPLOYMENTThe challenges that the aged establishment when there is a lack of access to employment begin with governmental forces that are pushing the aged out at 67 to receive SSI and Medicare. Companies are laying off the higher paid older employees to open up positions for younger lower paid employees who may have higher educational experience to navigate the changing from a manufacturing work environment to the service environment in which some of the aged face as problems due to a lack of educational experience. This leaves the aged with no health care and forced to take demeaning demanding jobs that they cannot successfully work because of their age and that they do not have the vim or abilities to overcome unemployment. This situation res ults in the need for them to spend their nest egg long before they intended to use it or that they have no savings because they have helped their children and supported them through the years. (Phoenix, 2013)UNIQUE CHALLENGES WOMEN FACEWomen are faced with more life changing decisions then men, such as having a child is for life rather than having the option to bail when life gets to tough. Facing society looking down upon her when she chooses a career over staying at home and education her child is scrutinized even though the woman knows that she loves and cares for her children, the way society looks upon her may stress her out. If a young woman marries a wealthy man she can devote her time and energy to raising her children without having to work.However if a woman chooses love over money then working to provide for her family is what she has to do despite what society thinks about her providing instead of staying at home and raising her children. Facing any stage in life is d ifficult if the woman is not equipped with a way to handle or deal with the daily stress of an ever changing life with their husband, children, career and just life in general. (unknown) (Coleman, 2012) individual(prenominal) PERSPECTIVE AND THE WAY I WILL APPROACH THE SPECIAL POPULATIONS Personally I did not realize the impact that generational poverty has on the communities where they are residing in. I knew that there were those who were poor, however, the generational poverty community is much worse off than I could have ever imagined. Being a mother, I could never imagine not teaching my child right from wrong or even the basic math equations that would help her to succeed in school. Life is full of many different lifestyles and cultures but pure ignorance in the education of young children is one that should not be tolerated by anyone.Educators who try to help the children of generational poverty are doing their best to help the children want to have the desire to succeed bu t the parents or older children at home have made it come about that leaving would devastate their parents, so the only that young children feel that they can do is drop out of school so that they can lead the same life as their siblings before them. As for the unemployment that the aged face because companies are deciding to force retirement, this is wrong and creates societal problems of the need to take care of the sr. or for them to seek out caring individuals to manipulate to care for them because of the lack of family support.Advocates within the community should be helping the elderly to find resources that are being abused by generational poverty victims and help the elderly get of governmental assistance. The changes that women face day to day are many that I face as I approach 40 years of age. My daughter is getting taller, stronger, and older and is not a baby any more, resulting in a desire to have more children. However as women get older their ability to have childre n has either been surgically removed or they feel that the risks are likewise high for them to have children. These types of stressors can result in depression, lack of sex drive and just an overall feeling of despair. Learning about these different aspects of life has been rewarding and changed the way that I think how I will approach those who are dealing with so many different cultures. I will more sensitive to those who are older, less fortunate and just going through some changes that they are facing in day to day life.Works CitedColeman, K. (2012, October 24). bear upon Pay For Equal Work Not Even College Helps Women. Retrieved from NPR http//www.npr.org/blogs/thetwo-way/2012/10/24/163536890/equal-pay-for-equal-work-not-even-college-helps-women Diller, J. V. (2011). Cultural Diversity. A underseal for the Human Services. In J. V. Diller, Cultural Diversity. A Primer for the Human Services. Cengage Learning. Entertainment, L. I. (Director). (2006). Born with a Wooden Spoon W elcome to Poverty U.S.A. (Characteristics of Generational Poverty)(Breaking the Cycle of Generational Poverty) Motion Picture. Phoenix, U. o. (2013). Understanding the Depth of Challenges

Effects of Computer Gaming Essay

Technology nowadays has brought cosmos to an era of digital and advanced world of calculators. non only ar information processing systems used in studies, investigate and work, it is now being used as part of leisure and entertainment. Most of the y come out of the closethfulness today recognise how computers work and even a 3 year old child who is still yet to learn how to read and write knows how to operate a naive computer. This is because the interactive element of a lot of softw ar that computers use excites and attract children and this makes them learn to use and happen with the computers. (J ones, 2002)Advancement in technology has drastically changed mans way of living which has been made easier for most. It has come from diskette to very port adequate to(p) and stylish mini USB, from the ancient three point eleven person-to-person computers with big and bulky monitors and CPUs to very user friendly touch screen-tablet PCs, and from limited Nintendo wagers like Mario brothers to a bunch of online and offline games like Dota, Counter Strike, Angry Birds, and Fruit Ninja and so forth Such kind of improvements has led todays generation to cultivation more of what life has to offer through the use of modern technologies like computers. Schools now facilitate schooling and learning through the use of computers.By the use of this kind of technology, learning is now more fun and a lot easier. application of modern technology like computer- back up teaching-learning on students aims to provide faster learning and ease of teaching and also provide the students of the advanced technology that they need to experience inside the associateroom, and which they can apply when they are out of school. Since computer has a lot to offer to its users, it is also being used as entertainment and leisure and computer gaming being the most popular. There are lots of computer games that enhance the thinking abilities of students because of its gaming record and environment like strategic gaming, word puzzles, etc. With this fact, learning through computer gaming helps students be more willing to study and learn more because, they are not just playing, they are also learning.The use of multimedia in education has significantly changed peoples learning processes. Results from a number of research studies indicate that appropriately designed multimedia instruction enhances students learning performance in science, mathematics, and literacy (Gee, 2003). Previous studies indicate that computer-assisted instruction programs have important factors that can motivate, challenge, sum up curiosity and control, and promote fantasy in children (Tzeng, 1999). Despite the fact that computer and characterization games have the same multimedia capability as computer assisted instruction programs, their potential learning impact is often discounted by parents and educators. composition computer gaming is regarded somewhat damaging in educational se ttings, particularly for materialization students, re-scrutinizing of its influence in a teaching and learning context is vital since computer gaming can also be an education-assisted-program with proper implementation and application. While others confirm the negative make of computer gaming to students performance in school and students health and mental ability, some authors argue that in that respect are validatory outcomes that a player can gain while playing computer picture games.A research published in the Australasian Journal of Educational technology found that students who play computer and picture show games more frequently get lower grades than those who do not. However, it is also included in the research the positive effect of this activity to students as far as some specific video games are concerned which promote some elements that increases learning.On an online article entitled by Charles Pearson (2009) Positive effectuate of Computer Games on Student Achi evement, the author enumerated five positive significant effects of computer gaming to students. These include enhancing ones problem solving capability, time and resource management, strategic life management skills, educational games promoting learning, and inherent instructional nature helps students to hone mastery skills.Playing video games needs a sharp mind and an alert reflexes because most of the games require thinking rapidlyly to be able to achieve the games goal. According to a blog site on the web authored by Manali Oak (2009) which has an article entitled Positive Effects of Video Games states that since video gaming is interactive, it boosts the ability of one person to use his mind and hence, develops the thinking ability of the person playing. The author also said that video gaming is sure as shooting better than watching television as video games are interactive.In addition to what Manali Oak added that playing video games help benefit person with inferiority co mplex and lack of self confidence as they are experiencing sense of participation and a sense of achievement thus, building his self confidence. An excellent analysis of the scant research that has been conducted is by Barlett, Anderson, and Swing (2009) on their research book Video game effects corroborate, suspected, and speculative A review of the evidence. They reviewed the evidences for video game effects and grouped them into categories of confirmed, suspected, and speculative. By confirmed, the authors mean that the outcomes have received consistent empirical support for causal claims. They describe two such confirmed positive outcomes (1) Playing video games can result in superior visual attention and (2) Video game play improves the ability to mentally rotate or arrange objects.They point out that the research shows that both rampageous and non-violent video games produce these positive effects. They also observed that educational video games and simulators can teach spe cific educational skills and knowledge such as algebra, biology, photography, computer programming, and flight training. The evidence for this connection is provided by Gee (2007) and Shaffer (2006). However, most of the games that they discuss are not commercially available. Perhaps such games will be developed and distributed more widely in the future. In the meantime, the evidence shows that video games can enhance learning if they are designed properly for that purpose. other study tackled the good and horrid effects of video games to children conducted by the wage increase Smart Kids Organization.The study enumerated the positive effects of video games to children. Following instructions, problem solving and logic, hand-eye coordination, fine motor and spatial skills, resource management and logistics, multitasking, quick thinking and making fast analysis and decision, inductive reasoning and hypothesis testing are among those which enumerated by the author about the positi ve effects of video gaming. In addition, the article also included that video games can improve ones decision making speed. People who played action-based video and computer games made decisions 25% faster than others without sacrificing accuracy, according to a study from the University of Rochester.Other studies suggests that most expert gamers can make choices and act on them up to six generation a secondfour times faster than most people, and can pay attention to more than six things at once without getting confused, compared to only four by the average person. Surprisingly, the violent action games that often worry parents most had the strongest beneficial effect on the brain, according to cognitive neuroscientist Daphne Bavelier, who studied the effect of action games at Switzerlands University of geneva and the University of Rochester in New York. Moving from the early years, the effects of socialization become more entrenched.In an article published in The Journal of Educat ional Computing, A. Colley (1994) account that masculine gender role traits are associated with a more positive computer attitude and that there is a gender stereotype of science in general being masculine. According to Sax (2007) his book Boys Adrift The five factors driving the growing epidemic of unmotivated boys and underachieving young men where he draw one fact well established by his conducted research revealed that violent video games cause aggressive behavior in the players. He argues that video games are so addictive that they satisfy the male need to power and control.It is evident in the country like the Philippines that the most popular computer games that the youth play in the computers are Dota, San Andreas, Counter Strike among others which are clearly promoting violence and aggression through its war and battle depiction. It can in effect, influence the youth as they play those kind of games which depict war, blood, killing, shooting etc. In a book by Barlett, And erson, and Swing (2009) entitled Video Game Effects Confirmed, Suspected, and Speculative A Review of the Evidence, it has stated that the confirmed negative effects of video games established by the research include aggressive thoughts and behavior, physiological arousal, and asocial behavior. It was also explained that there are two variables that heighten the effects of computer games.One is depiction of blood, which results in higher levels of physiological arousal, aggressive feelings, and aggressive thoughts. Another is rewarding of violent acts, which also increases these effects. Since most of the computer games depicts violence, what they conceive in the monitors of their computers in the games that they are playing are somewhat becoming part of their reality. In an article on a eHow.com by Sarah Arnette (2011) entitled The Negative Effects of Computer Gaming on Students, the author enumerated four negative effects of computer gaming on students. She used the General Aggres sion Model (GAM) developed by Craig Anderson and Douglas Gentile in conducting the study that helped the author come up with the results.The results showed the negative effects include short term aggression, lack of problem solving thinking ability, weight gain, and anti social behaviors. It is regarded that the negative effects of playing video games does not only affect the players mental ability but as well as that concerning their health and socialization. Computer gaming also affects the behavior of the players and on how they relate with other people. A study by Argosy Universitys Minnesota School on Professional Psychology found out that game addicts argue a lot with their teachers, fight a lot with their friends, and score lower grades than others who play video games less often.Performance in class may be negatively affected due to significant time spent in playing video games. Studies conducted by Anderson and Dill (2000) and one that was conducted by Gentile, Lynch and Wa lsh (2004) show that the more a person spends playing video games, the poorer is his performance in school. Computer gaming can also affect the health of the players. According to an online article entitled the good and bad effects of video games (2011), online gaming may also have bad effects on ones health including obesity, video-induced seizures and postural, muscular and skeletal disorders such as tendonitis, nerve compression, and carpal tunnel syndrome.Conceptual FrameworkThis study was based on a recent study conducted by Barlett, Anderson, and Swing (2009) and a study by the Raise Smart Kid organization which stated that there are confirmed positive and negative effects of computer gaming on studies of students who play the computer. Barlett, Anderson, and Swing stated that the confirmed negative effects of video games established by the research include aggressive thoughts and behavior, physiological arousal, and antisocial behavior On the other hand, Raise Smart Kid organ ization stated the good and bad effects of video games to.The article enumerated the positive effects of video games to children following instructions, problem solving and logic, hand-eye coordination, fine motor and spatial skills, resource management and logistics, multitasking, quick thinking and making fast analysis and decision, inductive reasoning and hypothesis testing. Using the results of the study conducted by Barlett, Anderson, and Swing in 2009 and the study by the Raise Smart Kids Org as basis, this study aims to find out what effects do computer gaming have particularly on students of Business Administration of the College of the right Conception and enumerate both the positive and negative effects of the said activity on their studies and personal behavior.

Language and Memory Essay

phrase is the medium of communication. It put up be verbal or written, making intake of different conventional symbols and sounds. All social creatures on Earth have their own lingual communications much(prenominal) as bees, ants, and apes. Human row is the most complicated of all because of speech. It is an evolving process of signs and symbols. It consists of different elements such as phonemes, syllables, linguistic communication, grammatical categories, sentences, discourses, and many another(prenominal) more.One of the characteristics of language is that it is symbolic. It makes use of symbols like pictures, diagrams, letters, subprograms, and alike. Examples of this characteristic of language involve the hieroglyphics of antediluvian Egypt and the ancient symbols of the Mayans. Thus, it is valuable for humans to be able to understand and memorize the symbols in order to establish communication. keeping plays an important role in the process of language. It is the f aculty of the mind which stores knowledge, previous thoughts, impression or events. either word that is employ, whether in isolation or used in a sentence has a importee and that is stored in our brains (Kutas, et al, 2000). thither be different types of remembering. The first one is the short-term computer memory which pull in ones hornss events that happened from a few seconds to a less than a minute ago. Long-term memory, on the other hand, is a stronger memory, which can recall events a few minutes after it happened. Episodic memory is responsible for personal experiences. Since language is sedate of symbols and sounds, the human brain acts as a catalog of these symbols and their corresponding contents. This is called semantic memory (Types, n.d.).Nature and purpose of Semantic MemorySemantic memory is essential in language. It consists of independent ideas. These consist of information such as the location of the Great Wall, the shape of an apple, or the colors of the rainbow. Semantic memory organizes ideas and assigns them to words and language, which argon essential in establishing communication.In a book entitled, Essentials of Human Memory written by Alan D. Baddeley, semantic memory does not actually mean an association surrounded by words (1999). Baddeley pointed out that semantic memory is actually concerned with concepts or ideas, having relation to words but are not words themselves. He argued that much of the information stored in the semantic clay consists of perceptions and acquired knowledge. It is mainly a collection of experiences, more than what words can convey (p. 157).There are many views as to the nature of semantic memory. Baddeley quoted a number of psychologists that have their own theories. Roger Brown and Eric Lenneberg huntd the nature of semantic memory using colors. According to them, focal colors, or colors that have short names are easier to remember such as red, aristocratical and green. The findings support th e Whorfian hypothesis, which states that shorter words can easily be remembered (157).Functions of rowLanguage is a medium of looking that can either be spoken or written. According to Patrick Lockerby, language is a coding system and a means by which information may be transmitted or shared between two or more communicators for purposes of command, instruction or play (2009).Language has many serves but can be simplified into three. The first is the informative language function. This is essential in communication and channeling of information. It is used to describe the world or ideas towards it. This function involves statements with value or truth.The second is expressive language function. Here, language is used as a medium of feelings and attitudes. Examples of this are poetry and prose. There are two aspects in this function of language. These are evoking certain feelings and expressing feelings.The third function of language is called the leading language function. It is comm however found in requests or commands. It is not normally regarded to as true or false.There are other functions of language aside from the three basic functions. The ceremonial language, for example, is used in a way that it mixes the expressive and the directive language for the use of performance. The statement I do in a marriage is an example of performative utterances denoting action. There is also phallic language where there is a transition from spoken language to body language (Functions, n.d.).Stages of ProductionBasically, the process of language production begins at the source of the information, which is the sender. The message is conceptualized and then encoded to linguistic form, which involves the purpose of words and sentences. The linguistic form is then encoded to speech. Speech is the one responsible for delivering the encoded information to the listener with sound. The sound is decoded by the listener into its linguistic form, which is then decoded to its original meaning (Language, n.d.).Memory and LanguageBruce A. Crosson and Bruce Crosson discussed the relationship between language and memory in their book, Subcortical Functions in Language and Memory. beforehand any information is stored in the pertinacious term memory, it must first be converted to linguistic system with semantic characteristics. Thus, the ability to retrieve verbal memory of a certain entity is dependent on how the represented entity is accessed. This supports the importance of language since it is dependent on verbal memory (1992). Moreover, meanings or words and symbols are stored in the semantic memory. An evidence of this is the ability to develop ones vocabulary (325).There are also studies which suggest a significant relationship between the semantic memory and language. A theatre of operations by Marta Kutas and Kara D. Federmeier proved that semantic memory plays a role in language comprehension as revealed by electrophysiology. An electrophysiologi cal systemal brain component called the N400 reveals the nature and timing of an active semantic memory during language comprehension. Results leaven that sentence processing is influenced by the organization of semantic memory. In the left hemisphere, the semantic memory appears to pre-activate the meaning of forthcoming words (2000).The relationship between memory and language was studied by Viorica Marian and Margarita Kaushanskaya. Their translate involved testing accessibility of general knowledge across two languages in bilinguals. mandarin orange tree side of meat speakers were asked questions such as name a statue of someone standing with a raised arm time looking into the distance. The respondents were likely to answer Statute of Liberty for the English speakers and Statute of Mao for the Mandarin speakers.When the accuracy of the answers was measured, it showed that language-dependent memory has an effect on both languages. In measuring the speed of answering was measur ed, it showed that only the bilinguals more proficient language is the only ones affected by language-dependent memory (2007).The results of this study suggest that there is a strong relationship between memory and language. Also, linguistic context at the time of acquisition may become integrated into memory content.ConclusionIn conclusion, language plays a very important role in communication and learning. It represents ideas, thoughts and attitudes that are embedded in the linguistic system. Language also has many different functions. Basically, these functions are informative, expressive, and directive.Memory and language are closely related. As mentioned before, any information, before, entering to the long term memory must be converted to a linguistic system first. Semantic memory thus, is significant in language production since the information in the verbal memory is dependent on how to access its representations.ReferencesBaddeley, A. D. (1999). Essentials of Human Memory. The Psychology Press, Ltd.Common Forms and Functions of Language (n.d.). Introduction to Logic. Retrieved 16May 2010 from http//philosophy.lander.edu/logic/form_lang.html.Crosson, B. A., & Crosson, B. (1992). Subcortical Functions in Language and Memory.New York, New York The Guilford Press.Kutas, Mand & Federmeier, K. D. (2000). Electrophysiology Reveals Semantic Memory usein Language Comprehension. Trends in Cognitiv Sciences, 4 (12).Language Production. (n.d.) Wikepedia. Retrieved 16 May 2010 fromhttp//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Language_production.Lockerby, P (n.d.). What is Language?. The Chatter Box. Retrieved 16 May 2010 fromhttp//www.scientificblogging.com/chatter_box/blog/what_language.Marian, V. & Kaushanskaya, M. (2007). Language Context Guides Memory Content.Psychonomic Bulletin & Review. 14 (5), 925-933.Types of Memory, (n.d.). Brain Training Software. Retrieved 16 May 2010 fromhttp//www.positscience.com/about-the-brain/brain-facts/types-of-memory.

Health and Safety at Work

Critically re witness your admit systems closelyness and Safety Policy and procedures and function recommendations for improvements Organisations today widely regard their employees as their superior assets, so it is no wonder that they are spending an increasing amount of their resources on ensuring that the release set and flex systems en fit its staff to feel base hit and secure as management continues takes an active role in their wellbeing. Failure to ensure and provide a safe beting environment can raise concerns in a variety of areas such as sound, financial and ethical issues.In the United Kingdom in that respect are legislations in place designed to ensure that correct and appropriate systems of induce, in regards to wellness and arctic, make up within every musical arrangement. Under the Health and Safety at Work Act 1974 (HASWA), department 2, It shall be the business of every employer to ensure, so far as is more or less practicable, the wellness, caou tchouc and welfare at work of all his employees. This highlights the righteousness employers have in ensuring their employees are safe of chemical, physical and machinery supposes and designate on the lines.Hazards can be delimitate as something that can cause adverse terminations, such as water on a staircase because of the possibility of you slipping on it and hurting yourself. A riskiness is the likelihood that a hazard go away actually cause its adverse effects, together with a measure of the effect. Risks are usually expressed as facts with a quantifiable likelihood, such as one in a hundred, paired with the effect and hazard, fatal accident effect at work hazard. Other important sections to highlight within the HASWA are section 3 It shall be the duty of every employer so far as is reasonably practicable, that persons not in his employment who whitethorn be affected thereby are not thereby exposed to risks to their health and safety. This underlines the responsibili ty employers have of ensuring members of the public and non-employees are not exposed to whatsoever risks. HASWA 1974, s7 It shall be the duty of every employee while at work to take reasonable care for the health and safety of himself and of other persons who may be affected by his acts or omissions at work.This states the duty every employee has in ensuring their own wellbeing within the workplace as well as their conduct in ensuring the health safety of their colleagues. HASWA s8 No person shall intentionally or recklessly interfere with or misuse anything provided in the interests of health, safety or welfare in pursuance of any of the relevant statutory provisions. Section 8 dialog of the importance of not misusing or damaging property and equipment at work under a legal obligation.From each of these sections there are key phrases and words which can be interpreted differently and employ in various contexts. So far as is reasonably practicable, for example, involves weighi ng the risk against the time, notes and trouble needed to control it. This is normally expected to be exerted to different extents within different organisations. In a small business with 5 employees it may be unreasonable to put in place a system to prevent doors shutting abruptly due to the nature of the organisation and the cost of utilizeation. still if in a bigger organisation of significantly more employees (150), then the risk of getting fingers confine in the door are increased, so this may be an issue that would need investigating and credibly amended in high society to comply with the act. I am going to make a risk assessment of my work place in my area of operation focusing on some of the health and safety concerns and what can or has been done to rectify the issue. My workplace is in 23 New hinge on Street which is a grade 2 listed building of serviced mightinesss. It used to be an old mill, later foot to the Cooperative Printing Society, and now converted into a set of authorizations.My office is on the split second floor for which you have to take stairs to enter the building and then an elevator up to the office space. One of the health and safety issues present at my workplace is the possibility of Repetitive Strain lesion (RSI) when working on the computers. Since the introduction of technology and computing that involves the use of the keyboard and mouse there has always been the risk of RSI which can be due to posture held when working or the strain on your eyes caused by the glare of the computer screen.RSI occurs when you work for prolonged periods of time on the computer without taking breaks to stretch your muscles and rest. currently in the organisation there are adjustable chairs to sit on when working on computers so the individual can alter the height of the chair to align themselves with the monitor screen. This excessively helps improves the posture of the individual. This complies with The Health And Safety (Display Sc reen Equipment) Regulations 1992 by meeting the minimum requirements for the work chair and other equipment.There is also a RSI cognizance notice on near the workstations to make sure they are aware of safe computer usage. If further action was to be taken then they should try and do more in ensuring that regular breaks are taken as sometimes working on computers can make you drop off track of the time, Every employer shall so plan the activities of users at work in his undertaking that their daily work on display screen equipment is periodically interrupted by such breaks or changes of activity as reduce their workload at that equipment, The Health And Safety (Display Screen Equipment) Regulations 1992, s4.This is not a high-risk hazard as the users of the computers are already do aware of RSI so within this organisation spending the supererogatory resources may not be reasonably practicable. Also this is an issue that should be enforced by the employee themselves under the HAS WA 1974, s7, take reasonable care for the health and safety of himself because the equipment is there for them to use it just has to be used responsibly.This can be extended further to bring in the manufacturers and designers of office equipment under HASWA , s6. 1a It shall be the duty of any person who designs, manufactures, imports or supplies any article for use at work to ensure, so far as is reasonably practicable, that the article is so designed and constructed as to be safe and without risks to health when properly used . If there wasnt safe article provided by the office then they would not be complying with the HASWA, s6.To extend it even further it could be applied to the manufacturers and designers to ensure that it minimises the risks to health and safety, It shall be the duty of any person who undertakes the design or manufacture of any article for use at work to carry out or arrange for the carrying out of any infallible to research with a view to the discovery and, so far as is reasonably practicable the elimination or minimisation of any risks to health or safety to which the design or article may give rise, HASWA s6. 2. other key issue is concerning the nature of the office building and its use of equipment. As this building has a calculate of office spaces usually leased on short term basis, 6 months minimum, there is usually office furniture and equipment left in hallways and corridors to moved in or out of the building and or in and out of office spaces. This is a safety concern in that it is obstructing paths and a hazard for someone to motivate over them. It is also a fire safety concern as it can be seen to be blocking paths that lead to fire exits and escape routes.This can fall under HASWA, s2. 2b, arrangements for ensuring, so far as is reasonably practicable, safety and absence of risks to health in connection with the use, handling, storage and transport of articles and substances. As well as that under The Regulatory Reform (F ire Safety) Order 2005, s14. 1, Where necessary in order to safeguard the safety of relevant persons, the amenable person essential ensure that routes to emergency exits from premises and the exits themselves are kept deport at all times.This once again puts the earnest on the employer or person responsible for Health and Safety to ensure that the premises are free of hazards that could cause injury or a potential fire exit obstruction and to make sure that necessary precautionary measures are put in place in the case of an emergency such as fire, Every employer shall establish and where necessary give effect to appropriate procedures to be followed in the event of serious and imminent danger to persons at work in his undertaking, The Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations 1999, s8. a. In order to comply with the legislation I think the organisation needs to make the office users aware of their responsibility in ensuring that they are not disregarding the legislation and are to be held responsible for their actions. They should also make transportation and storage of their equipment, e. g desks and chairs, in a storage room or at least out of corridors as not to obstruct the people within the building.Health and safety at the workplace is a major issue for every organisation as it directly affects its employees in being able to work in a safe working environment. The issue of health and safety should be at the forefront of not only employers but employees as well as they can be liable, as a result of their own actions, for their own safety as well as other colleagues in the workplace and non-employees of the organisation who use the building safety everyones responsibility.In the United Kingdom largely all of the health and safety laws and legislations are governed by the phrase so far as is reasonably practicable, this means that every health and safety issue is a matter of relativity where the employer must assess the relative costs and ben efits of any health and safety measures with time, trouble and money taken to implement it. If the costs are grossly disproportionate to the benefits then they are not obliged to amend it match to law and the phrase so far as is reasonably practicable.In every organisation there are issues concerning health and safety and they all differ depending on the nature of the organisation, i. e instance of work, number of employees, resources etc. Within my own organisation most of the issues of Health and Safety are dealt with by the organisation in charge of the office. However within the office space I am accountable for the health and safety. To ensure health and safety is implemented effectively I believe it is necessary to formulate the employees. The employees need to be aware of what they are responsible for and how they must work safely.Awareness is probably the biggest cipher in ensuring good health and safety practices are implemented within the organisation. Bibliography Hea lth and Safety at Work Act 1974 http//www. legislation. gov. uk/ukpga/1974/37/contents The Health And Safety (Display Screen Equipment) Regulations 1992, S4 http//www. legislation. gov. uk/uksi/1992/2792/contents/made RSI Awareness (2007). RSI Awareness. Available http//www. rsi. org. uk/. closing accessed 24 March 2011. Health and Safety Executive. (2007). Workplace, health safety and welfare. Available http//www. hse. gov. uk/pubns/indg244. pdf. dying accessed 23 March 2011. 23 New Mount Street. (2011). 23 New Mount Street. Available http//www. 23newmountstreet. co. uk/index. php. Last accessed 21 March 2011. Health and Safety Executive. (2007). Fire and Explosion Workplace safety. Available http//www. hse. gov. uk/fireandexplosion/workplace. htmbuilding. Last accessed 25 March 2011. The Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Order 2005, Part 2, Article 14 http//www. legislation. gov. uk/uksi/2005/1541/article/14/made The Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations 1999, S8 http //www. legislation. gov. uk/uksi/1999/3242/regulation/8/made